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Two Brazilian researchers from the University of São Paulo, professors Marcelo Zuffo and Laisa Costa, unveiled the "Internet of Trees" at the RISC-V Summit Europe 2026. This system uses open-architecture RISC-V microprocessors to create a connected sensor network serving as a digital nervous system for the Amazon rainforest. The project aims to address the lack of reliable, real-time data on forest health, crucial since the Amazon is the world's largest land-based carbon sink and faces a critical climate threshold at 25.4°C, beyond which trees may die. Unlike traditional remote sensing blocked by the canopy, the team proposes a low-power network of microsensors inside the forest. The core is the PULGA microcontroller, built on the open RISC-V architecture to avoid proprietary "black boxes." It consumes 13.8 milliwatts, includes cybersecurity, and operates on a Swarm OS with Zephyr. Sensor nodes process data locally using neural networks, sending only alerts via LoRa networks up to 40 km to cloud servers, saving bandwidth and battery. Powering millions of sensors deep in the Amazon is a challenge due to no light or wind. Costa is developing energy-harvesting chips like "Flea," and the team mimics parasites to extract energy directly from trees. Biodegradable materials and hydrogen batteries ensure sensors decompose naturally. The project is funded by a Brazilian law requiring 1% of oil profits for research. Applications include carbon credit verification, biodiversity monitoring, and detecting illegal logging, mining, or poaching by tracking humidity and CO2 changes. The network also aims to create a digital twin of the Amazon with LLM dashboards for real-time reports. Using 3D printing via the PocketFab project, the team can manufacture PULGA nodes on-site, reducing supply chain reliance. The ultimate goal is to provide a concrete, efficient measurement system to prevent crossing a no-return climate point.